Analytical Assessment of Aesthetic Emotions in Arbaeen Pilgrimage

Kiani, Keyvan; Bemanian, Mohammad Reza

Analytical Assessment of Aesthetic Emotions in Arbaeen Pilgrimage

Document Type : Descriptive & Survey

Authors

K. kiani

M. R. bemanian

Tarbiat Modares University - Faculty of Art and Architecture

Abstract

The Arbaeen pilgrimage, a remarkable display of cultural-religious beliefs intertwined with time and space, embodies the essence of human faith in action. This research delves into the aesthetic aspects of this momentous journey, exploring its positive and negative components and proposing solutions for enhancement and rectification. Assessing aesthetic perception and judgment is a complex endeavor that necessitates empirical studies, conceptualizing, and evaluating human emotions. Measuring emotional concepts extends beyond the artistic realm, encompassing design, environment, nature, and even cognitive frameworks.

This study aims to evaluate the aesthetic emotions of pilgrims during the Arbaeen pilgrimage, addressing objectives such as the factors influencing aesthetic emotions, the impact of the environment on aesthetic emotions during Arbaeen, the effect of emotions on individual satisfaction, and providing recommendations for environmental improvement and enhanced pilgrim aesthetic experiences.

Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study utilizes both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. Data was gathered through a specialized questionnaire based on the Neuroscience Aesthetics Scale, interviews, and field observations conducted by the researchers during the Arbaeen pilgrimage. The target population comprised 200 participants in the Arbaeen pilgrimage in 1401 AH (2022 CE), including 100 men and 100 women aged 20 to 50 years. The questionnaire data was analyzed using SPSS software, and the interviews were reviewed. Based on the comprehensive data, appropriate solutions were proposed to improve the conditions and enhance the environmental quality.

The target population consisted of 200 participants in the Arbaeen pilgrimage in 1401 AH (2022 CE), including 100 men and 100 women aged 20 to 50 years. The questionnaire data was analyzed using SPSS software, and the interviews were reviewed. Finally, based on all the collected data, appropriate solutions were proposed to improve the conditions and increase the environmental quality. The results indicated that the aesthetic experiences of the pilgrims were influenced by three main factors: management, infrastructure, and cultural-religious aspects. These factors can be further classified into 15 sub-components. The findings of this study suggest that by improving the three areas of management, infrastructure, and cultural-religious aspects, the quality of the aesthetic experience of the pilgrims in the Arbaeen pilgrimage can be enhanced. This can be achieved through various measures, including cultural training, improved infrastructure, appropriate planning, coordination between organizations, the use of technology, monitoring, and evaluation.

Keywords

Arbaeen

Walking

Aesthetics

Emotions

Subjects

Urban Scape

Al-Ansari, F., Al Ansari, M., Hill-Cawthorne, G. A., Abdulzahra, M. S., Al-Ansari, M. B., Al-Ansari, B., Rashid, H., Negin, J., & Conigrave, K. M. (2020). Arbaeen public health concerns: A pilot cross-sectional survey. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 35, 101546.
Al-Ansari, F., Mirzaei, M., Al-Ansari, B., Al-Ansari, M. B., Abdulzahra, M. S., Rashid, H., Hill-Cawthorne, G. A., Al Ansari, M., Negin, J., & Conigrave, K. (2021). Health risks, preventive behaviours and respiratory illnesses at the 2019 Arbaeen: implications for COVID-19 and other pandemics. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(6), 3287.
ARIF, B. (2022). THE HISTORY AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ARBAEEN WALK. https://themuslimvibe.com/faith-islam/the-history-and-significance-of-the-arbaeen-walk
Boynton, P. M., & Greenhalgh, T. (2004). Selecting, designing, and developing your questionnaire. Bmj, 328(7451), 1312-1315.
Diessner, R., Genthôs, R., Arthur, K., Adkins, B., & Pohling, R. (2021). Olfactory and gustatory beauty: Aesthetic emotions and trait appreciation of beauty. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 15(1), 38.
Doroudian, M. J. (2018). Spiritual Landscape Aspect of the Mourning Parade on the Fortieth Day after Imam Hussein’s Martyrdom. MANZAR, the Scientific Journal of landscape, 10(45), 56-65. https://doi.org/10.22034/manzar.2018.80491
Farahani, A. J., & Zijoud, S. R. H. (2019). Research and researchers of hygiene, medicine and health field in the service of Arbaeen walk. Journal of Military Medicine, 21(6), 547-548.
Farokhi, M., & Angoti, Z. (2020). Reasons for Iranian women attending Arbaeen Walk. Basij Strategic Studies, 22(85), 29-58.
Fife-Schaw, C. (1995). Questionnaire design. Research methods in psychology, 174-193.
Fröber, K., & Thomaschke, R. (2019). Data archive of" In the dark cube: Movie theater context enhances the valuation and aesthetic experience of watching films", Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts.
Gillham, B. (2008). Developing a questionnaire. A&C Black.
Heidari, M. J., & Salehi, A. (2022). Jurisprudential principles of Arbaeen walk from the perspective of Imami jurisprudence. Adab Al-Kufa(51).
Husein, U. M. (2018). A phenomenological study of Arbaeen foot pilgrimage in Iraq. Tourism Management Perspectives, 26, 9-19.
Lietz, P. (2010). Research into questionnaire design: A summary of the literature. International journal of market research, 52(2), 249-272.
Nikjoo, A., Razavizadeh, N., & Di Giovine, M. A. (2021). What draws Shia Muslims to an insecure pilgrimage? The Iranian journey to Arbaeen, Iraq during the presence of ISIS. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 19(5), 606-627.
Nikjoo, A., Sharifi-Tehrani, M., Karoubi, M., & Siyamiyan, A. (2020). From attachment to a sacred figure to loyalty to a sacred route: the walking pilgrimage of Arbaeen. Religions, 11(3), 145.
Ramezani Tamijani, S. (2020). Types and areas of collective participation in the Arbaeen walk. Journal of Iranian Cultural Research, 13(2), 117-143. https://doi.org/10.22035/jicr.2020.2531.2959
Schindler, I., Hosoya, G., Menninghaus, W., Beermann, U., Wagner, V., Eid, M., & Scherer, K. R. (2017). Measuring aesthetic emotions: A review of the literature and a new assessment tool. PLoS One, 12(6), e0178899.
Tajbakhsh, G. (2020). Arbaeen walk and understanding the pilgrimage of the youth. Journal of Iranian Cultural Research, 13(2), 145-168.
Tajbakhsh, G. (2020). Satisfaction and Pilgrimage (Case Study: Iranian Pilgrims’ Participation in Arbaeen Walk in Iraq, 2019). Hajj and Ziarah Research Journal, 4(2), 95-121.
tajbakhsh, g., & abbaspor, e. (2022a). Rethinking the creation of a new Islamic civilization through the combination of Arbaeen walking research. Scientific Journal of New Islamic Civilization Fundamental Studies, -. https://doi.org/10.22070/nic.2022.15963.1171
Tajbakhsh, G., & Abbaspor, E. (2022b). Rethinking the creation of a new Islamic civilization through the combination of Arbaeen walking research. Scientific Journal of New Islamic Civilization Fundamental Studies.
Tajbakhsh, G. R. (2022). Harms of Arbaeen Hosayni Walk: A Sociological Study. Shia Pajoohi, 8(22), 113-137.
Treers, A. (2021). Defining tactile aesthetics: evaluating need for touch preferences and aesthetic emotions. University of Delaware.