Optimal architectural form patterns with the approach of providing comfortable conditions in the open spaces of residential complexes

Heydari, Teymour; Mokhtari, Mozhdeh; Karimian Shamsabadi, Milad

doi:10.48311/udd.2026.118137.82815

Optimal architectural form patterns with the approach of providing comfortable conditions in the open spaces of residential complexes

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

teymour heydari ¹

mozhdeh mokhtari ²

milad Karimian Shamsabadi ²

¹ Department of Architecture, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.

² Department of Architecture, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran

https://doi.org/10.48311/udd.2026.118137.82815

Abstract

Research Problem: In today's world, along with the increase in population and the expansion of cities, the need for residential spaces and access roads has grown significantly. These changes in urban structure have caused a decrease in attention to open and social spaces, which play a key role in creating thermal comfort for individuals. The aim of this research is to investigate the factors affecting the design of open spaces in residential complexes and how to improve the thermal comfort of residents.

Methods: Initially, based on the research conducted, the main urban form factors that affect the thermal comfort of urban open spaces at different levels were identified. Then, using the ENVI-met software, simulations were conducted on residential blocks with different heights.

Results: The results of these simulations showed that cubic and separate forms provide more suitable thermal conditions in open spaces by preventing the creation of large, unshaded open spaces. The shadows that these blocks create, especially during the peak summer heat, effectively prevent temperature increases and contribute to greater comfort for residents. These results highlight the importance of thoughtful design of open spaces in residential complexes and show that considering cubic forms can be an effective solution to improve the quality of life in these spaces. Finally, this research emphasizes the importance of careful planning and design of open spaces as a key factor in improving the quality of urban life.

Keywords

Open spaces

ENVI-met software

thermal comfort

residential complexes

Subjects

Quality of Urban Public Spaces

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