In recent decades, climate change and the rapid proliferation of smart technologies have fostered new paradigms in urban management. Despite the high potential of smart cities to enhance urban resilience, the synergies between climate adaptation and smart development—particularly within domestic (Persian) literature—suffer from a lack of cohesive theoretical frameworks and comparative analysis.

This study aims to provide a comprehensive and comparative analysis of climate-adaptive urban planning within the context of smart cities. By identifying interaction patterns, the research seeks to highlight the existing gaps in local Iranian studies relative to global trends.

A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted, utilizing the Quintuple Helix Model as the primary analytical framework. International data were analyzed using VOSviewer and Excel, while 19 selected Persian articles were examined through qualitative content analysis across three matrices: "Methodology," "Thematic Components," and "Policy Relevance."

The findings indicate that the Quintuple Helix Model is a robust tool for identifying synergistic opportunities between technology and the natural environment. Comparative analysis reveals that while global literature has shifted toward "socio-technical" integrated approaches, Persian studies remain predominantly descriptive and physical-oriented. Furthermore, domestic research faces significant challenges in applying rigorous theoretical frameworks and translating findings into operational policies.

This research underscores the importance of the Quintuple Helix Model as a bridge between smartization and climate adaptation. The results suggest that to move beyond purely physical perspectives in Iran, future research must prioritize integrated, policy-oriented approaches that emphasize the participation of civil society (the fourth helix) and the natural environment (the fifth helix).