فصلنامه علمی _ رتبه ب

تدوین چارچوب مفهومی تبیین‌کننده کیفیت‌های طراحی شهری مرتبط با سلامت روان ساکنان محلات شهری

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

گروه برنامه‌ریزی و طراحی شهری و منطقه‌ای، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده
طبق گزارش برنامه جامع ارتقای سلامت روان کشور در سال 1394، اختلالات روانی رتبه دوم بار بیماری‌ها را در ایران به خود اختصاص داده است و ساکنان مناطق شهری از جمله گروه‌های اکثریتی هستند که بیشتر از اختلالات روانی مبتلا رنج برده‌اند. از این رو زندگی شهرنشینی خود عاملی تهدیدکننده برای سلامت روان ساکنان به شمار می‌رود. در حالی که موضوع سلامت و سلامت روان در حال یافتن جایگاهی قابل قبول در دانش طراحی شهری در مطالعات جهانی است، این حوزه مطالعه در ایران تنها در چند سال اخیر با تمرکز بر بعد جسمانی سلامت مورد توجه قرار گرفته و بعد روانی سلامت همچنان مغفول مانده است. از این رو هدف مطالعه حاضر، واکاوی ارتباط بین سلامت روان و محیط شهری و تدوین چارچوب مفهومی معطوف به ارتقای سلامت روان از طریق طراحی شهری است. مطالعه حاضر از نوع کیفی، گردآوری داده‌ها از طریق مطالعه اسنادی متون معتبر نظری و استخراج مولفه‌های سلامت روان در ابعاد رویه‌ای و ماهوی طراحی شهری با استفاده از تحلیل محتوای کیفی متون است و سنجش روایی چارچوب مفهومی با مصاحبه از صاحب‌نظران حوزه‌ طراحی شهری و روان‌شناسی، تکمیل پرسش‌نامه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از آمار توصیفی انجام شده است. نتایج این مطالعه نشان می‌دهد که کیفیت‌هایی نظیر "ایمنی و امنیت"، "همسازی با طبیعت و دسترسی به فضای سبز- آبی"، "نفوذپذیری و حرکت پیاده"، "کیفیت عرصه همگانی"، "رنگ تعلق و دلبستگی به مکان" و "پاکیزگی محیطی" از بعد ماهوی و "تعاملات و مشارکت اجتماعی" از بعد رویه‌ای با سلامت روان ساکنان در ارتباط هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Proposing a Conceptual Framework Determining Urban Design Qualities Related to the Mental Health of Urban Neighborhood Residents

نویسندگان English

P. Hakimian
M. Mazhari
Urban Planning & Design Department, Architecture & Urban Planning Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Based on the mental health comprehensive plan of development expression in 2015, mental disorders owned the second place of illnesses in Iran and residents of urban areas are the majority of the groups that most had been suffering from mental disorders. Therefore, urban living is a risk factor for residents’ mental health. While the issue of mental health and health is finding an acceptable place in urban design knowledge in global research, only in the last few years this study field has been considered in Iran with respect to the physical aspect of health and the psychological dimension of health remains neglected. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to examine the relationship between mental health and urban environment and to propose a conceptual framework aimed at promoting mental health through urban design. In the present qualitative study, the data collection is done through desk study of related valuable scientific papers, and qualitative content analysis is used to extract the urban design qualities related to mental health. The validity of conceptual framework is done through interviews with experts in the fields of urban design and psychology, and completing the questionnaire and data analysis has been done using descriptive statistics. The results show that qualities such as "safety and security", "access to green-blue space", "permeability and walkability", "public realm quality", "place attachment", and "environmental cleanliness" in the substantive dimension and "social interaction and engagement" in the procedural dimension are related to residents’ mental health.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Urban Design Qualities
Mental health
Neighborhood
Conceptual framework
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