Search published articles


Showing 22 results for Urban Development


Volume 1, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract


 More than two-thirds of the world’s population is likely to reside in urban areas by 2050. Rapid urbanization contributes to many contemporary challenges that confront cities. Sustainable urban development (SUD) is a widespread area of investigation that can be considered from various attitudes, such as environment, economy, society, technology, culture, and so on. This paper aimed to perform a bibliometric analysis of “sustainable urban development” research during 2002-2021, considering source types, subject areas, document types, affiliations, journals, countries, authors, and keywords. Also, Social Network Anal­ysis was applied to recognize mapping trends, status, and hot spots in SUD research and to discover co-authorship relations and international collaborations among countries worldwide. The results of this study showed that the number of SUD-relat­ed publications has remarkably increased by more than sixteen times over the study period. Social sciences” (24.6%), “envi­ronmental science” (21.2%), and “engineering” (13.4%) were the three major subject areas. China, with 539 publications (20.3%), was the most productive country in terms of the num­ber of publications. The most independent rate of the publica­tions belonged to India (76.5%), while Hong Kong ranked 1st in cooperator publications (61.6%). The “Sustainability” pub­lished the most related articles, followed by “Journal of Cleaner Production” and “Sustainable Cities And Society.” Among the top ten productive institutes and organizations, five affiliations were from China. “Deep learning,” “circular economy,” “big data,” “air pollution,” “spatial analysis,” “urban resilience,” “urban heat island,” “system dynamics,” and “cultural heritage” were the most increasing keywords in recent years, based on the author keywords analysis.

Volume 2, Issue 1 (4-2012)
Abstract

Religious places are the places for the believers to pray. Holly Qur’an clearly defines these spaces as the places that belong to Allah, and Muslims worship and express their belief there. The word ‘mosque’ is mentioned 28 times in the Holly Qur’an. The overall function of mosques aims to generate harmony, harmony of Muslims with respect to God. Mosques have two integrated purposes of religious and social activities. The religious purpose is to worship God in congregational prayer five times a day. The social purpose is to unite Muslims within the community and strengthen their social relationships. Mosque is a symbol of religion, unity, beliefs, identity, peace, strength, justice and solidarity of Muslims. It promotes collective strength; defines hierarchy and allegiance; resolves conflicts with the community; strives for social cohesion; and imparts restrictions and controls of human behavior. The ideal use of mosques was in traditional Muslim cities. They were used as multi-purpose spaces, serving for prayers, studying Holly Qur’an, making political decisions and solving socio- cultural problems. In those times, mosques had to be equally distributed in the built environment and in proportion to the size of population of various sections in the cities. Building mosques in an equal and proportional distribution provided all inhabitants equal access to the use of the spaces in a mosque. So it seems that in traditional Islamic cities mosques had more important roles; they were able to unify Islamic cities physically, socially and culturally but recently, planning of the cities lack the utilization of this characteristics. The study shows that in recent urban planning and design, religious spaces especially mosques have not been paid proper attention. This article is mainly concerned with the role of religious places and specially mosques in planning and design organization in Islamic cities. The main question here is that whether planners and designers have considered the main role of the religious spaces and mosques in planning and designing of a contemporary city for Muslims or not? It seems that there is no significant attention to religious places in the recently prepared city plans. In order to examine the above hypothesis, the comprehensive plans of five districts of Tehran Municipality (2 th, 3 th, 12th, 17th& 20th regions) were selected as case studies. These parts are located in different parts of the city. To pursue the research; a number of variables were determined and defined. What we found out is that one of the reasons for the decreasing of social interaction and spiritual values in our contemporary cities, is the forgotten role of our religious magnets as a social capital of the society in the planning and designing of our cities. It means that this factor is the one that ought to be under strong consideration in all Muslim communities all over the world.

Volume 3, Issue 2 (4-2012)
Abstract

Urban diplomacy is a new urban phenomenon and policy in a global urban management arena. It is also an advanced alternative policy instrument for extension of inter-cities social, cultural and political relations as well as corporations on human urban development. For these reasons, many of advanced urban regimes, especially in the western societies, attempt to apply this urban diplomacy in replace for nation-state politics as well as traditional international relations. Then, in this article, we describe both urban diplomacy theory and its relations with urban politics and urban management, as well as its urban policy experiences, which have been emerged in new urban management systems at global level of contemporary urban societies. Furthermore, according to the findings of this article, the main idea and procedure of urban diplomacy is that global mega-cities must solve their urban problems and confront with socio-cultural challenges by urban capacities, abilities and potentials, existing in urban participatory management diplomacy.
Sirus Jamali, Ali Modabrian,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract

Objectives: Today, after the experience of the corona epidemic for many experts, the impact of urban development programs on the spread of the virus has been proven that new theories in architecture and urban planning regarding the corona pandemic situation can provide suitable solutions for designers.
Research Method: It is based on analytical and descriptive studies and has been compiled based on mutual relations and comparisons between independent variables and new theories in architecture and urban planning in relation to the corona pandemic situation and related variables.
Findings and Conclusion: The dense development of cities and the high communication of people with each other due to the dense urban life, make the ways of breaking the virus distribution chain more difficult. Therefore, the resilience of cities, despite being ignored in the development phase, is very important in times of crisis. Factors such as housing pattern, use of local institutions, neighborhood-based urban planning, public arena, urban transportation, small and local business acquisition and smart infrastructure such as the development of e-urban services are very influential in the spread of infectious diseases in cities and metropolises. The prevalence of COVID-19 suggests potential new pattern changes that are likely to change our development patterns, particularly in both the construction and environmental sectors. Epidemic has been the most significant disruption of human activity in a generation. For many designers, it has been a time to refocus and rethink how products, buildings and cities are designed.
 
Mohamadreza Pourzargar, Reza Mansouri,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (10-2022)
Abstract

Statement of the problem: Covid-19 has had important effects on architecture and urban planning. The main problem of the research is to identify and investigate the location of industrial heritage sites in this era. It seems that the prioritization and redesign of industrial heritage sites has a special place.
Objectives: The main objective of the article is to show the importance of redesigning, modernizing and restoring industrial heritage sites in preparing them for the post-corona era.
methods: The research begins with the comparison of two categories of buildings based on the indicators of a healthy and disease-resistant city. Then, it forms a discussion group and a panel consisting of five qualified experts.
Findings: The most important part of the findings of the research is the difference between the two selected groups, including five examples of buildings that have changed use, such as Argo Museum-Gallery, Tabriz University of Islamic Arts, Briyank Sock Knitting Factory, Tehran Palace Museum Garden, and Iran Artists' House; And five examples of buildings that are waiting for a change of use include Tehran Tobacco Factory, Tehran Silo, Karaj Iron Smelting Factory, Ray Cement Industrial Factory, and Tehran Chit Factory.
Conclusion: The comparison of two control and sample groups shows the importance of urban management to modernize and change the use of industrial heritage sites. Returning these collections to the city will not only bring life to the city, but also help the health of the citizens and preparation for the post-corona era.
 
Ali Samadi, Javad Jahangirzadeh, Asghar Abedini, Meysam Saket Hasanloui,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (12-2023)
Abstract

Problem: The concept of urban public art and its emergence in the public sphere is one of the most important factors in strengthening and accelerating the process of the creative city. Street music as an urban public art, is an influential event in urban communities that seeks to improve the quality of social life, strengthen collective memories, increase the level of vitality and dynamism of the city and achieve creative urban development.
Target: The authors try to redefine the importance and significance of the urban public arts event in urban spaces, identify the feasibility of performing street music in social environments. The green corridor of Shahrchai and the Khayyam Jonubi sidewalk of Urmia city have been studied.
Method: In this regard, in the present study, information has been collected with the aim of application and descriptive-analytical nature and by using documentary-library methods, questionnaire and interview tools. The statistical population and sample size consist of two groups of experts, thinkers and university professors and active members of street music, which includes 60 samples including stratified or group sampling method. For quantitative analysis, the methods of Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Spearman Correlation, Swara and Cocoso have been used. 
Result: According to the findings, the social, cultural and environmental dimensions and the indicators of "possibility of live music performance" and "quality of environmental design" have gained the highest and lowest levels of importance, respectively. Also, the green corridor of Shahrchai has more favorable conditions than the performance of urban Public arts (street music) compared to the Khayyam Jonubi sidewalk of Urmia.               

Erfaneh Sadat Ahmadi, Azin Taghipour, Najmeh Dashtaki, Pegah Darvishzadeh,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (12-2023)
Abstract

Aims: Home businesses have a historical background. With the advent of the virtual space, many people have started to create a business in their home environment for various reasons. This change has had many visible and invisible effects not only in the home and family, but also in the city. The upcoming research is focused on determining the ranking of the components and social dimensions of sustainable development under the influence of home businesses in order to determine their priority.
Methods: Descriptive-analytical research method with quantitative method and qualitative results and the results are based on the opinions of 35 experts based on the results of a specialized questionnaire. In conclusion, the 25 components and 9 indicators of the social subcategory of sustainable urban development based on the 2030 sustainable development document, using a structured questionnaire and its analysis with EXCEL and SPSS software, tries to make changes related to division and prioritization.
findings: The components “Social Empowerment, literacy  , Quality Education , Social Responsibilities , Manpower Development, Social Confidence, Amount of Crimes, Neighborhood Development, Social Streaming” and the indicators “Education, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Social Security , Social Capital” are heavily influenced by home businesses .
Conclusion: The main results showed that home businesses, both online and offline, directly and indirectly have a significant impact on the social dimension of sustainable urban social development, And it is suggested to planning for sustainability goals of countries.

Ghazale Rafiee, آیدا ملکی, Yaser Shahbazi, Asghar Molaei,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (5-2024)
Abstract

Objectives: During the last century, the spread of epidemics such as Sars, Ebola, and especially Corona, have fueled many crises in the world arena. In dealing with such urban crises, dealing with the category of resilience of cities against epidemics can be helpful. For this purpose, the aim of this research is to know the urban epidemiological dimension, its components and indicators and its relationship with urban resilience based on the ecological triangle model in urban environments.
Methods: Using the library method, this research examines different dimensions of meaning, approach, capacity, determining factors and characteristics in the field of resilience to the intersection of this category with pandemic crises.
Findings: The research findings indicate that disease-causing factors can be activated or deactivated under the influence of the environment and urbanization process. With regard to the capacities of resilient cities, it is possible to plan and design city-building physical measures based on the attitude of prevention, containment and control in such a way that cities can survive these crises with the least amount face dysfunction and be able to return to their desired state in the shortest possible time.
Results: Based on the results, physical activity, diet, mental health, health care systems, social distancing, infection control, and promotion of urban patrimony are criteria that can affect epidemiological resilience under the influence of the city's body.

Volume 5, Issue 2 (3-2023)
Abstract

Introduction
The review of urban development plans in Iran in the horizon indicates that a large part of the proposals and estimates in the horizon of this plan have not been realized. One of the main reasons for the ineffectiveness of these plans is the way they face the property rights. A right that is recognized in the country of Iran and based on Islamic law and Sharia; Therefore, it is necessary to examine this topic from the perspective of Islamic thought. Among the emerging ideas in the field of urban planning in the west is the transfer of development right (TDR) approach.
This idea was proposed for the first time in order to preserve cultural heritage in America. But is this approach, which is used in urban plans in recent decades in Iran, is expanding and has its roots in Western thought, can it be the answer of Iranian Islamic society? Therefore, in this research, the main goals are, 1. Obtaining the framework of the concepts of rights and the transfer of property development based on religious texts, jurisprudential principles and documentary sources.
2. Adapting and reviewing the legal status of owners in the TDR approach is from the perspective of Islamic thought. In this research, while examining the three dimensions, jurisprudence, ethics and law in the approach of transfer of development rights and the compliance of laws related to urban development plans with Islamic jurisprudence and the approach of transfer of development rights, it is tried to make suggestions to benefit from the jurisprudence/ethical rule based To be presented on Islamic thought in urban development plans.
Methodology
This research is applied and developmental in terms of purpose and analytical-descriptive in nature. This research is carried out in two stages, first by using documentary studies and existing information resulting from the implementation experiences of urban plans, the legal status of ownership and transfer of the right to development is examined, and in the next stage through studies of religious texts and Shariathe framework of property rights in the religion of Islam is explored.
So, the right of ownership in Islam and Islamic thought, focusing on the principle of subordination, is examined in comparison with the right to transfer ownership in the TDR approach, and suggestions are made for the integration of legal structures and the Islamic system in the field of ownership in order to increase the realization of projects. Urban development is provided.
Result and discussion
The transfer of development rights (TDR) approach was first considered in New York City and in the United States, the possibility of moving and the right to transfer a license plate to the adjacent license plate in the Zoning Law of 1916a. Based on this plan, the owners were given permission to sell their vertical development right to adjacent land plates, and the parts receiving this right would have the possibility of violating the construction height limit and setback requirements. Various issues are involved in the TDR approach, such as development right, development value, and service recipient and service provider areas.
By using the development right transfer approach, the owners of sensitive natural lands, farms, as well as historical and important areas can receive their losses through the sale of their transferable development TDR and voluntarily develop their property in the future.
Regarding the jurisprudential aspect of the transfer of development rights, according to the perspective of personal partial dispossession in Islam, people are free to own their property, but according to the interests of the society, some of these rights are deprived by law and government. Regarding the next aspect of citizenship rights, citizenship and ownership, which are considered among new concepts in the West today and are trying to achieve the rights of owners and citizens, are explicitly mentioned in Islam.
Regarding the moral aspect, Imam Khomeini mentioned that man is the essence of all beings and the essence of the whole world. The mission of the prophets is to actualize this potential extract. The effort of all prophets is to create social and inner justice in humans. Justice is the direct path of human progress to divine perfection. In practice, the limits of ownership and the amount of consumption should be based on right and justice and in the direction of maximum productivity and growth and ensuring social justice.
In Iran, the renovation and improvement of dilapidated urban structures as a problem with different social, economic, legal and technical dimensions has been included in the programs of the government and municipalities since the early 1980s. At the same time as drawing attention to this category on a national scale and in the form of by-laws and laws, Tehran Municipality has also started planning and intervening in these fields since 2013.
The actions of the Tehran City Renewal Organization show that at the beginning in 2012 with the construction plan of the eastern highway edge which was a program based on acquisition, demolition and reconstruction, in the years 2018 and 2019 in the form of setting up facilitation offices and based on Social actions crystallized. Previously, experiences in the field of intervention in urban contexts, especially worn-out contexts, were carried out with the approach of improving physical and functional conditions and without paying attention to other aspects of the issue.
This is despite the fact that the basis of the concept of citizenship rights in the Islamic city is the people. In fact, the role of people in all areas of urban development plans should be considered. The plan must satisfy the people involved in the plan, and one of the most important examples of this is the way of bringing together the owners in connection with the occupation of lands and properties in order to achieve the goals of collective development. It is obvious that a process that starts with the creation of dissatisfaction among the beneficiaries of the project is not based on the principles of Islam and jurisprudence.
Conclusion
Islam is the religion of justice, equality and right orientation, and by relying on Islamic jurisprudence, important rules can be extracted and explained in the field of urban issues. The rules of submissiveness, harmlessness and expediency are among the most important jurisprudential principles that must be observed in Islamic urban planning in Iran in order to maintain and control the family foundation, stability of ownership, and respect for citizens. Also, the main condition for validating urban development plans is their compatibility with the approved laws of the country.
Most of the specialized laws approved in the field of urban development and construction, including the Law of Municipalities (1960), the Civil and Urban Renovation Law (1968), etc., are related to the Pahlavi era, and these laws have not been corrected or updated over time. It is possible to achieve this goal in the form of adding notes to the articles of the previous laws, or canceling the previous laws and approving new laws. Islam is the religion of justice, equality and peaceful coexistence.
If the above laws are revised in accordance with the jurisprudential-ethical principles of the Islamic religion and the patterns considered for acquisition have the least amount of intervention and also the full satisfaction of the owners whose property is placed in the path of development plans, It is possible to observe the fulfillment of Islamic rules in the cities. Therefore, the following comprehensive suggestions are presented in order to achieve this goal.
- Avoid urban development plans that only exist with an economic and material view of land, buildings, and people's livelihood.
- Avoid large-scale decision-making and interventions.
- It is necessary to review and update the laws related to construction and development in line with the speed of development and complexity in cities. Including in the applicable laws that were approved before the Islamic Revolution era.
- Based on moral jurisprudence rules, a set of rights should be included in the laws and decisions should be made based on them, such as ownership citizenship rights, business and profession rights, water and flower rights, agricultural right.
Mohsen Rashidi, Hamidreza Saremi, Ismaeil Shieh,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (9-2024)
Abstract

Aims: The problemology of Iran’s urban development policies is focused on the legal dimension of urban development programs in the period after the revolution “from the beginning of the 1360s to the end of the 1390s”.
Methods: For this purpose, after detailed study of the text of the approvals in the mentioned time frame, with the interpretative-analytical approach and with the help of the qualitative content analysis method, the approvals related urban design were discussed and then the content related to the development plans was extracted. A city from legal point of view was examined in these 42 resolutions.
Findings: Paying attention to the texture and historical buildings with 24.68%, paying attention the existing historical background with 18.36%, tourism in urban areas with 16.58%, and recreation and leisure axes with 15.47% were the most topics. which have been considered from legal point of view. In the meantime, attention is given “view axis” with 0.98, “walking axis” with 1.88 and “cycling axis” with 1.88, attention to “height proportions”, “human scale” and less has been written from the legal point of view in the political issues of urban planning in Iran from the beginning of the 1360s to the end of the 1390s.
Conclusion: As result, despite the existence of hundreds of legal texts that have at least one article or clause related to planning and controlling the country’s physical development, this collection has not yet been able respond to the needs today’s physical development the country and relationship between the government and the people. Determine the relationship between people and the legal framework.


Volume 5, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract

Introduction
Diplomacy is interaction with societies for securing benefits, increasing influence and reducing vulnerability through the least cost and efforts to prevent hostilities and increase political and economic cooperation and exchange of knowledge, art and preparation of foreign relations. Management diplomacy is a non-violent method with the aim of achieving interests and values and improving the political and economic position of a country in the world. Through official and unofficial representatives, diplomacy helps the government collect, coordinate and secures the public interests of the country. After the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 and the emergence of nation-based government, the principles of diplomacy were established, though their history goes back to before Westphalia. Since the traditional diplomacy is only concerned with affairs between governments, the management of relations between countries, and the search for national interests, it is unable to respond to the current complexities of the world. Because after the Cold War, power has spread on a wider level [5], and the national sovereignty and the monopoly of the governments are weakening. At the beginning of the 21st century, NGOs and multinational companies played an increasing role in diplomacy. On this same basis, public diplomacy is the establishment and review of interaction between new players in the international arena beside the governments.
Cities and urban institutions are international actors that have created the new concept of urban diplomacy. Relying on the increasing attention to the economy and economic activities and aligning with the process of globalization and with proper use of diplomacy, cities are trying to protect their interests against the challenges of the global economy and the expansion of the security field in the appropriate and specific area of relations, i.e., the global network of cities, to increase opportunities in the fields of Foreign capital attraction, technology transfer, export of services and expansion of foreign trade. In this way, cities want to find a superior position in the field of global decision-making. Therefore, to reduce and monitor conflicts along with peace, interaction and sustainable income for local and global citizens, urban diplomacy is a set of urban policy tools and processes, institutions and economic, political, social and cultural arrangements of urban management in the form of local governments.
Urbanization is directly tied to modernization, industrialization and the wisdom-based sociological process. Today in the world, cities are more important than any issue, and as a political-social unit, they are growing in terms of power in the age of globalization. Cities are the driving force behind the development and economic growth of countries and more income, better health, and a better life; all indications of the reasons for urbanization's growth.
research method
The method of this research is mixed in that, according to the qualitative and quantitative data, the analysis tools and methods are inevitably qualitative and quantitative as well. The present article tried to use different tools, such as document and library fields, interviews and websites. The research is theoretical-applied and descriptive-analytical according to its nature and method. In accordance with the library data, four main components of the research were identified, and corresponding to them, indicators that can act as effective factors of sisterhood relationships in urban development were extracted.
Research findings
Based on the library sources and data and the background of the research conducted in the first step on the establishment of sisterhood relations between metropolises and urban development, twenty-six important indicators were identified. In the second step, these twenty-six indicators were placed into four main components, including: 1) political and sustainable security; 2) economic development; 3) development of human resources; and 4) socio-cultural development. The political component, sustainable security and human resources development have six indicators each, and the economic development and socio-cultural development components have seven indicators each.
conclusions
In establishing sisterhood relations, urban diplomacy and its impact on the urban development of Shiraz metropolis, the results obtained from two categories of library and field sources show some effective factors. According to the amount of research, a variety of indicators were identified in this field, which are placed and analyzed in four basic components: 1) political and sustainable security; 2) economic development; 3) human resources development; and 4) socio-cultural development. The findings showed that, compared to the past, sister city ties have had a great impact on the development of Shiraz metropolis.
Expansion of the globalization process of metropolises in bilateral and multilateral arenas and in the political, economic, social and cultural fields has a significant impact on strengthening the growing international interactions, realizing foreign policy goals and securing the interests of governmental and non-governmental actors in the international arena. The communication of cities in the process of multilateral interactions of economy and global politics and bilateral political and economic cooperation emphasizes the role of local officials as vital elements in order to strengthen friendly relations, resolve international conflicts, improve inter-nation and inter-city relations, and make appropriate use of diplomacy to increase opportunities in the fields of attracting foreign capital, transferring new technologies, exporting services, expanding foreign trade, strengthening the tourism industry, getting access to global markets, and protecting human interests against global problems and challenges. Shiraz metropolis also seeks to develop diplomacy with a number of cities in other countries through the conclusion of sisterhood agreements and various memoranda of understanding. Despite the opportunities and necessities that Shiraz has for the presence and promotion of productivity in the field of urban diplomacy, due to numerous obstacles, it does not have a suitable position in the field of urban diplomacy. Considering the obstacles of foreign relations and sanctions at the international level, paying attention to Shiraz's active role in the field of urban diplomacy is a double necessity. In this regard, goal-setting and macro-policy, as well as institution-building, planning and capacity-building with the aim of Shiraz cooperation in the field of urban diplomacy and playing an active role on international scientific, professional and specialized forums, are accessible due to its high capacity. The urban management complex, i.e., councils and municipalities and other service organizations, can benefit from seeking participation and maximum Participation by using the tools of active urban diplomacy in international urban organizations and, through each other's successful experiences, actively participating in global and local governance.

Volume 7, Issue 3 (12-2017)
Abstract

Historical textures of Iranian cities are the expression of our long-standing values and traditions, and preserving and reviving them can be a valuable cultural-social source for future generations. They represent the collective wisdom of our ancestors who have been able to bring such structures that combine science, knowledge, art and experience. Addressing this valuable heritage in fact guides us to the use of rich past experiences and can be a continuation of a culture that depends on historical continuity.
Iranian historic houses, like gems in precious historical textures, are a collection of history of life, art, beliefs, customs, and irani-islamic lifestyles, and they can in some way be considered as a museum of all cultural and social customs of old generations.
Today, with the revitalization and rehabilitation of this valuable heritage, in addition to the cultural and historical protection of these works and the promotion of these customs among citizens, economic stimulus has been created in the city, which has led to economic growth and urban development, and suitable economic groups for the promotion of urban incomes. The growth of the tourism and tourism industry, which is today considered one of the most important principles in attracting capitals. Through studying the experiences of world successful countries in this area, we can provide a conceptual model for recreating valuable historic houses and creating economic mobility.
Today, cities have begun to move towards the use of their relative advantages in the region and the world in the wake of the globalization of the economy and the competition between them in order to play a more significant role in this competitive market. Cities know that building capital infrastructure in city-capable departments can help them compete from other cities in order to make it more successful in this globalization process. Following these rivalries, urban management is undergoing major changes in its governance and management, and it seeks to promote economic activity, creativity and utilization in urban business networks through the creation of an entrepreneurial capital city.
Many entrepreneurial cities are trying to create a new development model for the city's economic growth by revitalizing and rebuilding the city's historic buildings and structures.
Throsby, the famous Australian economist, shares capital in addition to physical, human, and natural (environmental) capital: another kind of capital, cultural, which, unlike other forms of capital, in addition to cultural value, this kind of capital can also provide economic value.
The cultural capital is in fact the cultural heritage that brings with it achievements of artistic, cultural, norms and beliefs of the forerunners for the new generations, and in this study it is crystallized in the historical houses of the city, which is an embodiment of all these achievements in the old days
Between legacy works, historic houses as a real cultural heritage have a special place because these homes, while meeting the climate and climate requirements of each region, have a direct relationship with the cultural, religious and traditional originality of the people, as well as certain aesthetic principles. Hence, the necessity and importance of protecting historic homes is not overlooked.
Today, as urbanization has grown, problems have become more and more than ever. One of these problems is the exhausted urban tissue that lies in the heart of the old part of the city and is a memorial to the ancient history and culture of that city. The issue becomes even more important when buildings and historic monuments have become valuable in the context of these historic contexts, and this increases the complexity of urban officials to deal with and interfere with those historical texts. In addition to cultural, social and physical values, these buildings can economically provide potential infrastructural infrastructure for the city, including infrastructure and infrastructure.
Urban redevelopment has encountered different approaches and models throughout its time. Today, one of the transcendental approaches that has been taken into consideration in recent years and decades is the issue of development and economic growth through the de-mining industry and the attraction of tourists through investment in urban cultural infrastructure; this approach seeks to be soft And gradually, through investing in a valuable historical and
Today, because of the tensions in the world economy and the crisis in the face of those cities, they are struggling to rely on their cultural values and assets, and their restoration and reintegration, through their cultural and identity identities, and investing in them; find a new model of urban economic structure for themselves.
Culture-based regeneration as a modern regeneration approach supports creative industries and also protects the local identity and culture of the region. The purpose of this approach in recreating is to seek to find works of cultural, historical, ritual and artistic backgrounds, so that the exogenous factor of culture as a component of the coherence of these scattered spheres enters the cycle of recreation.
Developmental stimuli of recreation are working to create prosperity and economic activity in precious urban textures and lead to more dynamism and vitality of these sectors in traditional neighborhoods. How these stimuli impact their roles in urban growth and development it is an issue of this research.
One of the newest regeneration policies is the creation and revitalization of projects that act as stimulants in the historical context, leading to accelerating and facilitating the process of regeneration as well as leading it. Historically valuable houses through social partnerships and local capacity building can play a catalytic and stimulating role in the growth of the economic and physical development of texture in the neighborhood scale and sometimes in the dimensions of the city; and lead us to the most sustainable way on the path to the reproduction of historical textures.
The restoration of valuable historical monuments in the world, which is in fact the cultural heritage of that city or country, has a long history and its attention is different depending on the arts and culture of people of each land and different organizations and sectors are associated with it. These works, which reflect the history, cultural, social and artistic values of the past, have widespread social interests and require more attention from public institutions and the private sector.
Iran has been paying attention to this issue for many years and has taken positive steps to this day, but it should be taken into consideration that all methods should be tailored to their local and cultural conditions and that the use of Western methods without Localization and adaptation to Iranian values will not succeed.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the rehabilitation of precious urban houses and economic growth and seek to answer the question whether investment in restoring these houses in Iran has a positive and significant effect on economic growth and urban development.

Volume 12, Issue 2 (2-2021)
Abstract

Abstract
Isfahan is one of the most prominent cities in Iran's central plateau for centuries and during the rule of Al-Buyih, Seljuqyan and Safavid, Iran was the capital and center of Iran. Isfahan's special position in the Center of Iran and its connection with other parts of the interior and exits and the flow of the Zayandeh-e Rood River as the most important natural disorder made it possible for Isfahan, Stay up to date with the most ancient days of human habitation and the attention of different governments. The appropriate environmental and natural, historical, communicational, military, commercial and economical substrates have been the factors of the evolution and dynamics of the city of Isfahan from the past. King Abbas tried to compete with the Ottoman government in a military, economic, religious and especially architecture and urban environment in the development of Isfahan and bestowed it. Growth and development of Isfahan city at the time continued the successors of Shah Abbas-Kabir until Shah Sultan Hussein's time. Considering that most scholars and writers of Shah Sultan Hussein have been considered as the main cause of the collapse of the Safavid dynasty. Consequently, in connection with the architecture and urbanization of Isfahan, his covenant has not been studied comprehensively. The purpose of the present paper is "The study of the development of urban life of Isfahan during the era of Shah Sultan Hussein Safavi and the effects of the endowment tradition on it." In this way, we try to answer these questions; what has progressed in urban planning and architecture during Shah Sultan Hussein Safavid? How did the devotees influence urban construction during the era of Shah Sultan Hussein Safavi? As a result of this study, which was carried out using library and field method, which was the era of Shah Sultan Hussein in the field of architecture and urban development of the dynamic era, and during this period, the city of Isfahan, as the era of King Shah Abbas grew and even the iconic buildings such as the Chaharbagh School were created that equal the best examples of the King Shah Abbas age.


Volume 14, Issue 1 (3-2010)
Abstract

The subjects related to Geomorphologic studies of Tehran metropolis, from assessment aspect that develope d during last half a century are numerous. Investigation of the surface drainage basins and rivers is one of these subjects. Changing the rivers and their natural flood channels without respecting geomorphologic principals and processes in Tehran metropolis will create different kinds of problems and damages for the civilians of Tehran. At present, the drainages of Tehran are supported by three territories: A) Basins ended to Kan River and West bund for flood channel; B) Basins ended to Aboozar channel and Barootkobi and C) Basins ended to the agricultural terrains of the South part of Tehran (Salehabad territory). In the present work, the above basins along with flood channel network before the development. were pictured by the aid of topography maps of 1970, air photos taken in different period, also geological maps. The domains of all mountainous and urban basins at present situation were determined by the aid of topography maps of 2001 and changes of drainage network. The maximum amounts of aquifer of each basins were calculated by rational analysis method and using Intensity-Duration-Frequency curves of Mehrabad and Saadabad stations for the return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 and‌ 100 years. By utilization of physiographic characteristics, drainage systems, and their hydrological calculation and by comparing these characteristics with the nature of basins, the geomorphologic limitations of development in the territory surface drainage basins were assessed. The research procedure is based on analytical method. The key instrument of this research was compiling of Geographical Information System by Arc GIS software and statistical method. The results indicated that basins compile and a change in the direction of surface waters and their conversion to artificial channels augment aquifer and floods. Especially in long return periods, the increment is obvious, and as a result, it increases urban flood hazard. Blocking of the elementary water channels and creating the new ones in domain of Tehran metropolis without considering the geomorphologic and values. Therefore, in order to reduce the damages and to stabilize the basins development, it is a decisive necessity to apply the geomorphologic principles .

Volume 14, Issue 3 (11-2024)
Abstract

Aims: A healthy environment is a factor in the sustainability of human settlements, and environmental protection is a necessity for sustainable development. On the other hand, the literature on the subject shows that urban development has not led to an increase in spiritual well-being and a healthy environment. It aims to show that emphasizing Islamic teachings can lead to an increase in the spiritual well-being of citizens and environmental health.

Methods: The logical reasoning strategy in the liberal studies paradigm has been chosen for inference in this study. Researchers analyze sources with the help of criticism and the use of interpretive and interpretive methods. The results of the study are drawn based on a holistic approach to the achievements of similar studies. Hence, the methodological structure of the study is based on meta-analysis with a qualitative approach.

Findings: The results of the studies conducted in the study show that the conceptual concept of a healthy city, on the one hand, has a direct relationship with religious concepts and Islamic teachings, and on the other hand, it depends on citizens enjoying a healthy environment. The role of a healthy environment in spiritual well-being, and the impact of citizens' spirituality on environmental protection, are the two main achievements.

Conclusion: The research presents a conceptual model for explaining a healthy city based on Islamic teachings, which links two less-considered concepts, namely a healthy environment and spiritual well-being; the same issue that the research background introduces as the missing part of sustainable urban development.
 

Volume 18, Issue 1 (3-2014)
Abstract

One of the ways to achieve a balanced urban development is equitable distribution of services in different areas of the city. Inequality in the distribution of services has a significant impact on the urban space and management costs. Therefore, the spatial planning and organization of space in order to optimize the management of urban space, has made necessary equitable distribution of urban facilities and services. In the present research, the 8 regions of Ahwaz city in terms of development indicators have been studied. The research method is descriptive – analytical and use of Resource documents. Also, applying of "Multiple criteria decision making" method (ELECTRE) based on 12 indicators of urban development. AHP model is used for weighting of criteria. The results of the study show that the distribution of the resources and facilities are not proportionate with the population distribution of Ahwaz. Areas 3 and 4, in terms of development and having mentioned indicators of urban services, are ranked developed and developing upward and Region 5 has the development rate of 6 and is placed in the lowest rank. This leads depending areas with low development level to the areas with high levels of development and consequently, ended in social and economic gap in urban system.

Volume 21, Issue 1 (3-2017)
Abstract

Execution of development and creation of appropriate points for urban development without considering ecological capability will result in the appearance of several environmental, economic and social problems. This research is done in an analysis approach frame of a system with the aim of determine appropriate locations for urban development, has been done according to the indicators of ecological capability evaluation model of Iran urban development in the border town of Arak. For this purpose, it has been used multi-criteria decision-making methods of AHP and FUZZYAHP Buckley in order to determine the weighting of criteria and fuzzy membership functions for standardization. The results showed that from the total region area by using FAHP, 63 percent of the lands with capable of first degree and 12 percent of lands are unsuitable for urban development, and by method of AHP, 65 percent has the capacity first class and 21 percent are unsuitable for urban development land use. Results of control the urban development classes in this study while confirmation of  decision-making model AHP in the Study area, determined that the best method for assessment, is multi-criteria decision-making method FAHP, that is modelling the act of ecological capability evaluation of land use more carefully and is having more accordance with the reality of the ground truth.

Volume 21, Issue 2 (7-2017)
Abstract

Applying a methodology relevant to the research question is one of the most fundamental elements of scientific research. Due to the importance of urban development in geographical and urban planning research, the examination of the employed methodologies in a systematic process of scientific inquiry is an inevitable necessity. Hence, critical review of the methodologies of scientific research and evaluation of methodological criteria (the process of doing research) is the purpose of this study. This is a descriptive-analytical research with emphasis on library resources (the PRISMA statement checklist) and expert-based method. The sample of this research includes sixteen theses in geography and urban planning on urban development in state universities of Tehran. Results show that while in experts’ opinion, problem statement, research questions and research methodology are the most important indices, the examined theses had shortcomings in these aspects and paid more attention to resources, goal description and composition skills.

Volume 24, Issue 2 (6-2020)
Abstract

Abstract
Introduction
Nowadays, urban development is mostly done in the peripheral areas without regard to the real potential and limitations of these lands. Failure to apply ecological capability assessment process in urban planning has led to inappropriate use of resources, because urban development and growth is often done in the suburbs. This development will result in the deformation of a large portion of the high-quality suburban areas of the city, including agricultural land. This research is a descriptive-analytical and utility, and with the purpose of designing and employing a comprehensive model and usage method of the integrated multi-criteria decision making method and DEMATEL-ANP model in urban land evaluation. Based on Iran literal Ecological Model, slope, climate, soil properties, water discharge and vegetation density, sea level and mother rock were selected as the main criteria affecting urban development land use. Then, in the form of a model, with the help of Multicriteria Decision Making (MCDM), DEMATEL method was used to determine the intensity of the relationships among factors.
Methodology
In order to model the ecological potential of urban development land use, parameters such as wind speed (Cw), texture (Pte), depth (Pd), gravel (2 Ps), evolution (1 Ps), drainage (Pdr) and soil erosion (Es), rainfall (Cp), Ct temperature, discharge (Wc), height (E), moisture (Ch), rock (Li), slope (So), and vegetation density (Vgo) were considered. They were divided into three clusters of bio-hydroclimatology, soil and soil formations for vector weighting. To do the job, Super Decision, ArcGIS 10, IDRISI Selva, MATTALAB software were used. First, ecological parameters were prepared to evaluate the urban development land use capability. The meter map (1: 25000) was used to obtain the slope layers and to reclassify the height. For this purpose, the TIN map meter was first derived from the TIN map and the slope and elevation maps were extracted from the TIN and the maps were classified. To determine the study area, 10 kilometers around the city was designated for urban development use. After extracting the constraints, they were zeroed and standardized according to Boolean logic. They were then synthesized using the common logic (AND). All layers must be standardized before they can be merged to be able to be merged using decision rules. [r1] For this purpose, layers of height, pebble and soil depth and vegetation density were standardized using the linear membership function and slope layer using User Defined. DEMATEL and ANP methods were used to determine criteria weight vector and integration. After weighting the factors, the layers layer integration process was initiated using multi-criteria decision-making rules to achieve land use-friendly areas of urban development. Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) method was used to integrate the layers. Then, histograms and breakpoints of utility map values were used to identify urban development land use classes on the evaluation map. Finally, reclassification of urban development took place and the final evaluation map was obtained.
Standardization of criteria with fuzzy logic: In fact, a series of inputs are is introduced in the fuzzy process, and by using membership functions, it assigns an appropriate degree to each parameter.
constraints map: In this study, the layers of constraints for urban development including good rangelands, 100 m buffer road according to Roads and Railways Land Use, 500 m buffer river, 1000 m buffer main fault, and 500 m buffer secondary fault were determined.
 :DEMATELThis method is based on graph theory; a comprehensive method for constructing and analyzing the structural model of complex causal relationships among the factors of a problem. Describe numerically the concept of the interaction effect of a causal relationship.
The Network Analysis Process (ANP) and its stages: The network analysis process is one of the multi-criteria decision making techniques and the developed form of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). While the hierarchical analysis process employs one-sided (one-sided) relationships between decision levels, the process of network analysis provides the conditions where the interactions between decision levels and decision criteria are examined more generally. In fact, this method is used to solve problems where criteria and options are not independent.
Linear combination of layers :(WLC) is the most common technique in multi-criteria evaluation analysis. This method is based on the concept of the weighted average. The analyst or decision maker directly weights the criteria based on the relative importance of each criterion studied. Then by multiplying the relative weight of that attribute a final value for each option is obtained.
Perform the evaluation process using the WLC method :At this point, each factor was multiplied by its weight and summed for all factors in the constraint map. Desirability is expressed on the map with numbers between 0 and 1. In order to give a correct classification of the resulting map, Strech Stretch designed the map and obtained a map representing a layer with a range of different pixel utility (0 to 255), which further indicates higher potency and utility. Less indicates lower potency for urban development land use.
Discussion and conclusion :The ANP method was combined with the aim of first analyzing the interrelationships between the criteria and weighting of the factors according to their coefficient of influence. As shown in the final weight table, the slope criterion with weight of 0.447, and height with weight of 0.439, had the highest final weights in the study area, respectively. Also north and northeast areas of the area with have suitable vegetation density, eastern part of the area with ideal drainage and sandstone dominance corresponds to the urban land use class. The northern, northeast and eastern parts of the range often have first-rate potential for urban development use, with these areas being the most silty siltiest clayey loamy soil texture. Many parts of the south, southeast, and northwest have grade 2 potency potencies, in which the sandy loamy and clayey loamy soil texture exist. Also, most of the area in the southwest and west of the region is not capable of utilizing urban development in the southwest and west of the region.

 

 


Volume 26, Issue 1 (5-2022)
Abstract

Introduction
The strategic city of Mahshahr port is one of the sensitive and key urban spaces of Khuzestan province and the country, which plays a vital role in the export and import of various oil and non-oil materials and goods due to its brilliant historical background, and in political, commercial, security, economic, social, and environmental aspects has a special importance and status. An examination of the historical trend of the location of Mahshahr port shows that the importance of this strategic space is increasing with an increasing speed. Due to the internal correlation of sustainable urban development indicators to each other, the development of Mahshahr port city should be in all its aspects, so that along with economic development, social and environmental development also should be done, because if there is no coordination between the dimensions of sustainable urban development of Mahshahr port, comprehensive development will not happen, and the potentials of sustainable development of Mahshahr port city will not be used optimally. Another issue of sustainable development of Mahshahr port city is that attention is paid only to the port position of this city for economic development, while Mahshahr city has many capacities in other human and natural sectors, especially tourism (natural and human) for sustainable urban development. It should be considered as medium-term and long-term plans. Therefore, explaining the factors affecting the sustainable development of this key port by relying on futures studies can play a significant role in the all-round development of this city. Thus, the main question of the present study is: What are the key drivers of sustainable development in the port city of Mahshahr with a futuristic approach?

Methodology
The present research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature and method is based on new methods of futurology, analytical, and exploratory science. Questionnaire and Delphi technique and documentary and library studies have been used to collect the required data and information. To apply the Delphi technique and analyze the cross-effects, questionnaires have been prepared in two stages. The first stage includes 50-item open questionnaires, in which the most important factors affecting the sustainable development of Mahshahr port city have been provided to experts in the central issues considering different areas and comprehensive sustainable development, which led to the general extraction of factors affecting sustainable development in the port city of Mahshahr. The second stage includes 30-item questionnaires to determine the main factors affecting the sustainable development of Mahshahr port city through weighting, which were completed by the experts and finally used to analyze the collected data from MicMac software.

Results and discussion
Among the 35 main factors affecting the sustainable development of Mahshahr port city, a total of 8 key variables affect the sustainable development of Mahshahr port city. Thus, these variables have the most and least impacts on the future of sustainable development of Mahshahr port city and include the factors of "domestic tourism development (V4), urban development plans (V19), efficient local management (V21), efficient macro management" (V23), education (V24), communication network (V28), security (V30), and geographical location of Mahshahr port (V33) ".

Conclusion
Sustainable urban development is a multifaceted process that is influenced by various economic, socio-cultural, and environmental factors. Given the interdependence of each of these factors success or failure to achieve sustainable urban development depends on the type of planning and institutional capacity of city officials regarding sustainable urban development. Geographical location and human characteristics of Mahshahr port city has provided the necessary infrastructure for the development of urban sustainability in the city. Due to the high impact of the role of management on other factors, adoption of rational policies regarding sustainable urban development by managers and officials of Mahshahr port city, can determine the directions of success or failure of sustainable development of this port city.


Page 1 from 2    
First
Previous
1