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This study investigates the integration of post-humanist pedagogies in e-learning for English language teaching (ELT) through the perspectives of Indonesian doctoral students. Post-humanist principles, emphasizing interconnectedness and collaboration, are explored within digital language education contexts. Conducted at Universitas Negeri Malang, the study employed a sequential mixed-methods approach involving 28 participants. Data collection included closed-ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, focusing on three key dimensions: relationality, agency and autonomy, and multiplicity and diversity. Findings underscored the preference for collaborative digital learning environments, highlighting peer interaction and the role of adaptive technology in fostering personalized instruction and learner autonomy. The participants also emphasized the importance of integrating sustainability-focused content in language courses to promote ecological awareness. This research advocates for the transformative potential of post-humanist pedagogies in enhancing inclusive, learner-centered language learning experiences that support linguistic diversity and intercultural understanding. Future studies should explore the scalability and socio-political implications of these pedagogical approaches across diverse educational settings to address broader societal challenges and promote equitable education practices.

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The theory of the responsibility to protect was approved in 2005 in the output document of the United Nations Summit (A/RES/60/1) and in 2011, it was included in the Security Council Resolution 1973 regarding military intervention in Libya. The theory of the responsibility to protect implies the commitment of the international community to end the worst forms of violence and crime in humanitarian crises and internal armed conflicts. This article by using the qualitative method and document-library sources, books, articles and reports and internet notes, dealing with NATO's military intervention in Libya in 2011, which led to airstrikes, the creation of a no-fly zone, and ultimately the change of Muammar Gaddafi's regime,  criticizes its application in Libya.The findings of the article show that although the theory tries to fill the gap between the former obligations of UN member states under international humanitarian law and human rights with this reality that the human population facing the threat of genocide, crimes against humanity, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity must be supported, France, the United States and NATO have exploited the 1973 resolution for their political-military goals and have caused the stoppage of the development of the theory and the skepticism of the international community towards the goals and intentions of the world powers in the application of the theory and as a result of the design of the new approach of responsibility during support.
 

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Concentrations of lead (Pb) were found in the shells of the oyster Saccostrea cucullata and sediments in May 2010. Samples were obtained at four sites on Qeshm Island, at three sites on Hormoz Island, and at three sites in Lengeh Port along the intertidal coast of the Persian Gulf of Iran. The levels of Pb in sediments and shells were analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Mean Pb concentrations in the different sampling stations varied between 613.94 and 0.06 µg g^-1 in the shells of S. cucullata and 180.78 and 0.86µg g^-1 in sediments. Biological effects criteria suggest that Pb concentrations in sediments in three sites from Lengeh Port were higher than ERL (effects range low), but at the all sites were lower than ERM (effects range medium). The present results support the significant differences in shell and sediments’ accumulated concentrations of Pb among sites attributed to input sources of human activities including urban, domestic, industrial, agricultural, shipping and transport, mining activities, and ports and harbors

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The mainly key to succeed in knowledge-based economy where competitive advantage makes the distinction is human capital. In managing the worthy capital, job satisfaction plays the important role. This prompted the researchers for measuring and improving these aspects of organizational behavior in Kalle Company. The purposes of this study aer distinguishing effective factors and their levels and quantity on job satisfaction of the selling staff of Kalle ice-cream factory. In other words, this research is to distinguish effective factors on job satisfaction of the selling stuffs of Kalle firm in the two groups of selling - marketing staff and other staff including financial, organizational and supporting staff. Importance, and influence intensity of groups will be determined and compared. Also the most important effective factors on job satisfaction of staff will be ranked according to their priority. A combined model of various aspects is provided and used according to the scientists’ opinion on behavioral field and job satisfaction. This research is a kind of descriptive stay according to data collection and objectives. The findings of this study on six effective indexes effecting on job satisfaction and marketing indicate that the three indexes of salary and wages, promotion rules and welfare facilities are in partly infavorable status, but the indexes of job nature, supervising and relationship with cooperatives are in partly favorable status. Comparison of selling and marketing staff with other staff indicates no significant differences in the studied variables of two the groups. Keywords: Knowledge worker, Human capital, Job satisfaction, Nature of job.

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  The present research is carried out in the field of human resources management. Through a process of past literature review and a review of previously conducted research on human resource empowerment, we designed a theoretical framework. Next interviews with experts were conducted and a research questionnaire including measures and indicators of all available variables of the designed model was completed. The questionnaire was then validated by human resource experts and the academia. After completing the subsequent stages of validation, the questionnaires were distributed among a sample of 500 respondents drawn from among the experts, managers, and consultants of knowledge-based organizations. In the data analysis stage, statistical techniques such as ANOVA, single- and multivariate regression, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model were used. A review of the results clearly indicates that among factors affecting strategy empowerment, the “strategic dimension” factor with a mean ranking score of 2.11 has the greatest impact on employee empowerment; the next factor with a score of 2.08 is “the structural dimension,” and finally the “individual dimension” with a mean ranking of 1.81 has the least affect on employee empowerment.  

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The present research entitled the design and development of a strategic model of human resource empowerment is carried out in the human resource management field. The authors develop into the research background and literature of human resource empowerment and offer a theoretical framework. They then proceed to develop a questionnaire based on the research background and interview with experts. The questionnaire was then face validated by industry experts and academics. After completing the subsequent stages of validation the questionnaire was distributed among a sample of 500 respondents drawn from among the experts, managers, and consultants of knowledge-based organizations. In the data analysis stage, statistical techniques such as ANOVA, single- and multivariate regression, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model were used. The “strategic dimension” factor with a mean ranking score of 2.11 has the greatest impact on employee empowerment; the next factor with a score of 2.08 is “the structural dimension,” and finally the individual dimension with a mean ranking of 1.81 has the least effect on employee empowerment.

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Background: Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein hormone function to regulate the production of red blood cells. Deficiency of EPO is known to cause anemia in chronically infected renal patients and they require regular blood transfusion. Availability of recombinant EPO has eliminated the need for blood transfusion and now it is extensively used for the treatment of anemia. Glycosylation of erythropoietin is essential for its secretion, stability, protein conformation and biological activity. However, maintenance of human like glycosylation pattern during manufacturing of EPO is a major challenge in biotechnology. Currently, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line is used for the commercial production of erythropoietin but this cell line does not maintain glycosylation resembling human system. With the trend to eliminate non-human constituent from biopharmaceutical products, as a preliminary approach, we have investigated the potential of human emberyo kidney cell line (HEK293) to produce recombinant EPO. Methods: Initially, the secretory signal and Kozak sequences was added before the EPO mature protein sequence using overlap extension PCR technique. PCR-amplified cDNA fragments of EPO was inserted into mammalian expression vector under the control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter and transiently expressed in CHO and HEK293 cell lines. After RT-PCR analysis, ELISA and Western blotting was performed to verify the immunochemical properties of secreted EPO. Results: Addition of secretory signal and Kozak sequence facilitated the extra-cellular secretion and enhanced the expression of EPO protein. Significant expression (P < 0.05) of EPO was observed in the medium from HEK293 cell line. Conclusions: HEK293 cell line has a great potential to produce glycosylated EPO, suggesting the use of this cell line to produce glycoproteins of the therapeutic importance resembling to the natural human system.

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Human resources are the most important assets in health care institutions. They directly affect the lives of patients and the health of the society. The present study assessed the effects of human resource management tasks on the employees in the health care field. Here psychological contracts are considered as the mediating variable and employees’ organizational commitment as the dependent variable. A survey-analytical research strategy has been used to conduct this research. The Ghaem Hospital Medical Personnel of Mashhad was the statistical population and a sample size of 268 was chosen using random sampling. Method of data collection used a standard questionnaire. In this study, structural equation and partial least squares method were used for analyzing data and testing hypotheses using smart PLS.The research results indicate that the model used in this research, is a strong theoretical model for predicting employees’ organizational commitment, furthermore all the direct relationships between the variables were significant. Additionally the study emphasizes that the human resources management tasks, paying particular attention to psychological contracts implementation, have significant effects on organizational commitment. Thus, its successful implementation will coincide with the promotion of organizational commitment

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Aims: The events and consequences of the last few years in the fields of city, society, housing, human beings and creating a cybernetic atmosphere and adapting them to the future literary works of researchers indicate their success in making correct predictions and Useful for solving urban problems in achieving the utopia and distance from dystopya.
Methods: The present article, with a comparative method and humanistic approach against the monocular technology giant, selects and extracts useful reference information from certain book and film works, which are two popular and guiding topics in the society's thought, and mentions the experienced problems and solutions with making them available to urban designers.
Findings: The development and emergence of an information-based society among digital citizens is an uncertain future for the nature of human existence in the 21 century. Currently, one of the most important concerns of design theorists is the separation of the human role from yesterday's experiences, which has led to his alienation and to human beings of a traditional nature.
Conclusion: Existing comparative studies show that the ultimate aspirations of technology lovers in achieving the desired utopia have not only been unsuccessful, but by eliminating humanistic options that have original and existential components, have formed a city in which humans are isolated and dominated by machines.

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Sports and human capabilities

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  Background : Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by selective destruction of pancreatic beta cells.   Methods: The study included 80 children, 20 of them have T1DM, 40 children were selected from first degree relatives to the same child and 20 healthy children serve as control. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated, random blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (GHbA1c) were measured. The following biochemical markers were measured in sera of all subjects by ELISA kits: Human insulin ,C-peptide, human islet cell antibody (ICA), insulin auto antibodies (IAA) and antiglutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) antibodies. Results : This study showed that diabetic children had high level of ICA (65%), IAA (55%), anti-GAD antibodies (50%) and decrease in C-peptide (60%). Whereas the relatives showed high level of anti-GAD antibodies (30%), IAA(25%), ICA(2.5) and decrease in C-peptide (30%). Anti-GAD antibodies were significantly higher among the relatives of the diabetics compared to the healthy controls. Conclusions : The strongest predictors of diabetes were C- peptide and islets cell antibodies, which had odd ratio 4.7 and 3.1, respectively. Autoantibodies could distinguish T1DM patients from healthy control subjects and they may also identify individuals at high risk during progression from pre-diabetes to overt disease.

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The present study investigates relation between coastal zons with urban human structures in sea states. Urban human structures are urban populations, coastal cities, world cities and coastal capitals. This research is basic in terms of its objective and is descriptive-analytic in terms of nature and method. This paper uses qualitative and quantitative analysis to explain the relationship between the two variables of coastal zons and urban human structures. The ratio of low elevation coastal zone (less than 10 meters from the coast) to the total surface area of the country is an explanatory indicator of coastal topography, and the ratio of the population living in the coastal zone to the total population of the country is an explanatory indicator of the coastal population. The findings of the research indicate that the coastal area is one of the factors in the development of urban human resources. Regression analysis shows that the correlation coefficient of coastal zone topography with the distribution of population equals with 0.812 (P Value 0.000<0.05). The results show that there is a significant relationship between topography of the coastal zone and the distribution of population, to the extent that for every one-unit increase in topography of the coastal region, the distribution of human populations index size increases by 0.833 (constant 0.070). Besides, the opportunities and threats of population settlement in coastal zone are analyzed in the following section of the article.

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Heidegger believes that among the Greeks, Aletheia means "Unhiddeness," which is an essential attribute for beings. However, by referring to the world of ideals, Plato considers Truth as conformity and transfers it to human reason. In this approach, the truth lost its intrinsic character and became the correspondence of cognition with its objective reference. This epistemological transformation led to the emergence of prevalent dualities in philosophy. Although Mulla Sadra has fundamental similarities with Heidegger, he considers truth to have multiple meanings by gradation. In the third phase of his philosophical thought, by reaching divine manifestation -with his special interpretation of Platonic philosophy- he abandons his earlier conventional dichotomies in philosophy. At this stage, Mulla Sadra reaches Real Unity and accepts Plato's truth as something with existential gradation. In this paper, we are trying to examine the views of Heidegger and Mulla Sadra while briefly analyzing the truth of Plato. Finally, we will extract Sadra's criticisms of Heidegger's thoughts about truth.
 

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Criticizing the history of philosophy and epistemology definitely requires great courage, because the effects and consequences of this can lead to dangerous results. When we ignore any metaphysical and superhuman beings and generally explain any epistemological issues in the explanation of our knowledge strategy, then the result can lead to nihilism, absurdism, disorder and anarchism. It can be dangerous and toxic both for the individual and for the society. While we expect to encounter such nihilistic thought in Rorty's thought, on the contrary, the philosopher in question claims that his thought will not be led to what was mentioned. Rather, it seeks pleasure, happiness and happiness for humans, because although there is no longer talk of truth and goodness, but by expanding the solidarity between human "us" as much as possible, it seeks to change this road and move towards a human utopia. Our purpose of writing this article is to investigate and analyze the position of the epistemological foundations of ethics in Rorty's thought.

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Background and Aim: Problems such as less working and aggression in organizations force organizations to reduce these behaviors and increase behaviors that are beneficial such as productivity for organization. One of the elements that create benefits like productivity in organization is Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The purpose of this research is Organizational Citizenship Behavior factor linkage appointment with human resources productivity among selected Hospitals of Tehran Medical Sciences University and Shahid Beheshti Medical Sciences University. Method and material: This research is done in six selected Hospitals of Tehran Medical Sciences University and Shahid Beheshti Medical Sciences University .The data are collected by distributing questionnaires among 429 staff of the hospitals via random 2-stage Sampling method. The research methodology is cross-sectional- descriptive and the type of research is a field study. In order to confirm or reject research hypotheses, we use Spearman Correlations and regression in SPSS software [version 16]. Results: The findings show that in personnels’ point of view, there is a significant correlation between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and staff's productivity in  

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The monotheistic tradition, especially in Abrahamic religions, emphasizes the belief in an omnipotent, omniscient, purely benevolent, just and wise God. Such a view is threatened by various forms of evil-beliefs, and if logical and convincing answers cannot be given to it, it is a serious threat to the tradition of monotheism. In this article, it is shown that due to the presence of the infinite God's activity on one side of the equation of the problem of evil, the most logical solution is to use the total of possible answers in a combined and unified way, because the combination of the existing ways brings closer to the answer and is more convincing in this context. Therefore, while paying attention to the differences between the metaphysical, natural and moral evils from each other, combining answers such as the relativity of evil, evil as a necessity of human free will, seeing evil as a punishment for human sins, evil as the cause of human spiritual excellence, and seeing the world of the hereafter and the importance of the eternal perspective are needed as the final manifestation of the evil philosophy.
 

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Aim: The present study aimed at surveying the relationship between spiritual quotient and human relationships among the principals of elementary schools of Esfarayen City in Iran. Methods: The sample group consisted of 100 randomly selected managers. Data gathering was carried out through spiritual quotient and human relationships’ tests. Descriptive statistics and the Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient were used for data analysis. Findings: The results showed that there was a significant and positive relationship between spiritual quotient and its elements including communication, self-awareness, trust, and motivation, on the one hand, and human relationships of the participants on the other. In addition, there was a positive and significant relationship between Transcendental Awareness, Conscious State Expansion, Personal Meaning Production, and Critical Existential Thinking, and human relationships among the participants. Conclusion: Spirituality at work may result in increasing creativity, honesty, trust, sense of personal perfection, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, participation at work, morality and professional conscious, motivation, and performance. Therefore, a spiritual manager leads the organization toward success in a way that the customers, employees, and society members enjoy the benefits.

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Problem statement: In fact, urban streets as the most important part of the urban landscape structure, reflect the values ​​and socio-cultural relations of citizens and can well facilitate or influence the possibility of living in the city and social interactions. Therefore, moving towards vibrant urban spaces is even more necessary in cities, despite the dynamic and human-centered public spaces that provide the ground for the active presence of human beings in the environment. Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of humanistic urban landscape in the vitality of Tabriz city streets from the perspective of citizens.
Methods: The research is descriptive-analytical with an applied purpose. Snowball method was used to determine the sample size. SPSS software and ANP method were used to analyze the data. Results: The results obtained from the final analysis of selected research spaces based on humanistic landscape components and quality of life show that the range of Shariati to Ghonga intersection with a normal weight of 0.498 is more consistent with the extracted qualities.
Conclusion: The final results of the weights showed that the highest average goes back to the criterion of biological urban elements and the views of the streets of Tabriz affect the perception of citizens and their interpretation and reading of the environment. Also, the results obtained from the final analysis of the selected spaces of the research based on the components of humanistic perspective and quality of vitality, are more in line with the extracted qualities.
 

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An important fact in the field of genre changes is that domination of one discourse and cultural current in a specific epoch has an undeniable effect on the appearance of a new genre. If some of literary criticizers have proposed the theory of literary genres basen on Darwin's theory and the natures of beings, we can interpret the theory of changes of literary genres based on Paul Tillich's views considering human's anxieties in the three domains of existence anxiety (death), moral and ethical anxiety (sin) and spiritual anxiety (absurdity and meaninglessness).In this paper, I will describe Paul Tillich's view in this domain and considering the domination of a thought discourse and the appearance of a specific mental type (anxiety) in a specific epoch,will try to analyze the appearance of a literary genre homogenous with that.

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Urban diplomacy is a new urban phenomenon and policy in a global urban management arena. It is also an advanced alternative policy instrument for extension of inter-cities social, cultural and political relations as well as corporations on human urban development. For these reasons, many of advanced urban regimes, especially in the western societies, attempt to apply this urban diplomacy in replace for nation-state politics as well as traditional international relations. Then, in this article, we describe both urban diplomacy theory and its relations with urban politics and urban management, as well as its urban policy experiences, which have been emerged in new urban management systems at global level of contemporary urban societies. Furthermore, according to the findings of this article, the main idea and procedure of urban diplomacy is that global mega-cities must solve their urban problems and confront with socio-cultural challenges by urban capacities, abilities and potentials, existing in urban participatory management diplomacy.